![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Location Services (LCS) architecture follows a client/server model with the gateway mobile location Center (GMLC) acting as the server providing information to External LCS Clients. MAP over IP network also includes LCS (Location Services) specific elements and entities, their functionalities, interfaces, as well as communication messages, necessary to implement the positioning functionality in a cellular network. ![]() Supported adaptation layers are M2PA (MTP2 Peer-to-Peer), M3UA (MTP 3 User), and M2UA (MTP2 User).Īs illustrated in the diagram above, some of the GSM/UMTS circuit switched interfaces such as C (between HLR & MSC), D (between HLR and VLR), E (between GMSC and MSC), F (between MSC and EIR), H (between HLR and AuC) and Packet-switched interfaces such as Gc (between GGSN and HLR), Gr (between SGSN and HLR), Gf (SGSN and EIR), Gd (between SGSN & SMS-GMSC) use Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol. SIGTRAN is a stack of networking protocols having Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) for stream management over IP, and a bunch of user adaptation (UA) layers over it. MAP can be transported using 'traditional' SS7 protocols in TDM/ATM (T1 and E1) or over IP using SIGTRAN. Mobile Application Part (MAP) is an application layer protocol used by various elements in GSM, UMTS, and GPRS mobile core networks to provide services to mobile phone users. ![]()
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